Snus

Lo snus è un prodotto del tabacco senza fumo originario della Svezia. Si utilizza per via orale e contiene tabacco vero e proprio e nicotina. È importante distinguerlo dalle cosiddette bustine di nicotina: queste hanno un aspetto simile allo snus e vengono utilizzate in modo analogo, ma non contengono tabacco. Soprattutto in Germania, il termine "snus" viene spesso utilizzato nel linguaggio comune e nelle ricerche online per indicare tali bustine prive di tabacco, anche se tecnicamente si tratta di tipologie di prodotto diverse. L’Istituto federale tedesco per la valutazione dei rischi (BfR) descrive esplicitamente le bustine di nicotina come prodotti privi di tabacco.

Lo snus classico contiene tabacco, acqua, sale e altri ingredienti specifici del prodotto, quali aromi ed umettanti. Ciò lo distingue nettamente dalle bustine di nicotina senza tabacco. L’Istituto federale tedesco per la valutazione dei rischi (BfR) descrive i sali di nicotina e le sostanze veicolanti come componenti tipici delle bustine di nicotina senza tabacco; queste possono contenere anche aromi e altri additivi. Poiché le formulazioni e il contenuto di nicotina variano notevolmente, è necessario verificare l’elenco specifico degli ingredienti e il contenuto di nicotina di ciascun prodotto.

Snus is not burned and does not produce smoke. While the portion is in the mouth, nicotine and other soluble components dissolve through contact with saliva. The nicotine can then be absorbed through the oral mucosa and thus enters the bloodstream. A similar principle applies to tobacco-free nicotine pouches. Therefore, the effect depends, among other things, on the amount of nicotine, composition, moisture, pH value, and duration of contact with the oral mucosa.

The perceived effects of snus are primarily due to nicotine. Nicotine affects the nervous system and can influence attention and alertness, among other things, while also altering heart rate and circulation. In people without nicotine intolerance, higher amounts can cause nausea, dizziness, or general discomfort. Nicotine also has a significant potential for addiction. The German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment (BfR) points out that high doses of nicotine pouches can lead to considerable nicotine intake.

Snus delivers nicotine to the body without the need to burn tobacco. The effects can vary in intensity depending on the product, the amount of nicotine, and the user's tolerance. Some users experience a short-term stimulating effect, while particularly unusual or high amounts of nicotine can also cause palpitations, dizziness, or nausea. A stronger effect does not automatically mean better product quality. Crucially, nicotine can be addictive, and the amount absorbed varies considerably between different products.

A burning or tingling sensation in the mouth can have several causes. Nicotine, the pH level, salt, flavorings, and other product components can irritate the oral mucosa. The product's strength and individual sensitivity also play a role. Therefore, a stronger burning sensation doesn't automatically mean that a snus is "better" or of higher quality. If the burning becomes very intense, causes pain, or the mucosa is visibly irritated, the pouch should be removed, and the affected area should not be further irritated.

The duration of the effect cannot be answered with a fixed number of minutes. It depends, among other things, on the amount of nicotine, the portion size, the product composition, the duration of use, and individual nicotine tolerance. Even after a pouch has been removed, previously absorbed nicotine remains in the body. Therefore, "how long does the pouch stay in the mouth?" and "how long does the nicotine last?" are two different questions. With high-dose products, nicotine absorption can be significant.

Snus is not risk-free. While it doesn't produce combustion smoke like a cigarette, traditional snus still contains tobacco and nicotine. Nicotine can be addictive and affect the cardiovascular system. Even tobacco-free nicotine pouches aren't automatically harmless: The German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment (BfR) points to potential high nicotine intake, acute side effects, and unanswered questions regarding long-term health effects. Therefore, "tobacco-free" should not be equated with "healthy" or "risk-free."

Real tobacco-containing snus may not be sold in Germany. Section 11 of the German Tobacco Products Act explicitly prohibits the sale of tobacco products for oral use. The Federal Office of Consumer Protection and Food Safety explicitly cites snus as an example of an oral tobacco product that is not permitted in Germany. Tobacco-free nicotine pouches are distinct from this and should not be legally equated with traditional snus.

The reason lies in the legal classification of classic snus as a tobacco product for oral use. The German Tobacco Products Act prohibits the marketing of this product category. The ban is therefore not directed against the word "snus" or a specific brand, but against this type of orally used tobacco product. Products like chewing tobacco are legally defined differently. Tobacco-free nicotine pouches are also not classic snus because they do not contain tobacco.

The ban on classic snus in Germany stems from its classification as a tobacco product for oral use. According to Section 11 of the Tobacco Products Act, such products may not be marketed. Therefore, when searching for terms like "snus," it's important to distinguish which product is actually meant. Many white pouches marketed as "snus" today contain no tobacco at all and thus do not belong to the classic snus product category, even if their appearance and use are similar.